NOTE 5 – OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME AND FOREIGN CURRENCY

The accounts of NTE, AEL, VLSH and VLS use the British Pound; VLSIL uses the Euro; NetSol PK, Connect, and NetSol Innovation use the Pakistan Rupee; NTPK Thailand and NetSol Thai use the Thai Baht; Australia uses the Australian dollar; and NetSol Beijing uses the Chinese Yuan as the functional currencies. NetSol Technologies, Inc., and its subsidiary, NTA, use the U.S. dollar as the functional currency. Assets and liabilities are translated at the exchange rate on the balance sheet date, and operating results are translated at the average exchange rate throughout the period. Accumulated translation losses classified as an item of accumulated other comprehensive loss in the stockholders’ equity section of the consolidated balance sheet were $32,221,661 and $33,125,006 as of September 30, 2019 and June 30, 2019, respectively. During the three months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, comprehensive income (loss) in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income (loss) included a translation gain attributable to NetSol of $903,345 and a translation loss of $263,203, respectively.