(A) Principles of Consolidation

The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company as follows:

Wholly-owned Subsidiaries
NetSol Technologies Americas, Inc. (“NTA”)
NetSol Technologies Limited (“NetSol UK”)
NetSol Technologies Australia Pty Limited (“NetSol Australia”)
NetSol Technologies Europe Limited (“NTE”)
NTPK (Thailand) Co. Limited (“NTPK Thailand”)

NetSol Connect (Private), Ltd. (“Connect”)

NetSol Technologies (Beijing) Co. Ltd. (NetSol Beijing)

NetSol Omni (Private) Ltd. (“Omni”)

NetSol Technologies (GmbH) (“NTG”)

Majority-owned Subsidiaries
NetSol Technologies, Ltd. (“NetSol PK”)
NetSol Innovation (Private) Limited (“NetSol Innovation”)

NetSol Technologies Thailand Limited (“NetSol Thai”)

Virtual Lease Services Holdings Limited (“VLSH”)
Virtual Lease Services Limited (“VLS”)
Virtual Lease Services (Ireland) Limited (VLSIL)

The Company consolidates any variable interest entities of which it is the primary beneficiary. Equity investments through which the Company exercises significant influence over but does not control the investee and is not the primary beneficiary of the investee’s activities are accounted for using the equity method. Investments through which the Company is not able to exercise significant influence over the investee and which do not have readily determinable fair values are accounted for under the cost method. All material inter-company accounts have been eliminated in the consolidation.

(C) Use of Estimates

The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. The areas requiring significant estimates are provision for doubtful accounts, provision for taxation, useful life of depreciable assets, useful life of intangible assets, contingencies, and estimated contract costs. The estimates and underlying assumptions are reviewed on an ongoing basis. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

(E) Concentration of Credit Risk

Cash includes cash on hand and demand deposits in accounts maintained within the United States as well as in foreign countries. Certain financial instruments, which subject the Company to concentration of credit risk, consist of cash and restricted cash. The Company maintains balances at financial institutions which, from time to time, may exceed Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation insured limits for the banks located in the United States. Balances at financial institutions within certain foreign countries are not covered by insurance. As of June 30, 2018 and 2017, the Company had uninsured deposits related to cash deposits in accounts maintained within foreign entities of approximately $20,933,224 and $11,564,343, respectively. The Company has not experienced any losses in such accounts.

The Company’s operations are carried out globally. Accordingly, the Company’s business, financial condition and results of operations may be influenced by the political, economic and legal environments of each country and by the general state of the country’s economy. The Company’s operations in each foreign country are subject to specific considerations and significant risks not typically associated with companies in economically developed nations. These include risks associated with, among others, the political, economic and legal environments and foreign currency exchange. The Company’s results may be adversely affected by changes in governmental policies with respect to laws and regulations, anti-inflationary measures, currency conversion and remittance abroad, and rates and methods of taxation, among other things.

On June 23, 2017, the United Kingdom (U.K.) held a referendum in which voters approved an exit from the European Union (E.U.), commonly referred to as “Brexit”. As a result of the referendum, it is expected that the British government will begin negotiating the terms of the U.K.’s future relationship with the E.U. Although it is unknown what those terms will be, it is possible that there will be greater restrictions on imports and exports between the U.K. and E.U. countries and perhaps increased regulatory complexities. These changes may adversely affect the Company’s operations and financial results.

(G) Accounts Receivable and Allowance for Doubtful Accounts

Accounts receivable are recorded at the invoiced amount and are non-interest bearing. The Company maintains an allowance for doubtful accounts for estimated losses inherent in its accounts receivable portfolio. In establishing the required allowance, management regularly reviews the composition of accounts receivable and analyzes customer credit worthiness, customer concentrations, current economic trends and changes in customer payment patterns. Reserves are recorded primarily on a specific identification basis. Account balances are charged off against the allowance after all means of collection have been exhausted and the potential for recovery is considered remote. As of June 30, 2018 and 2017, the Company had recorded allowance for doubtful accounts of $610,061 and $571,511, respectively.

(I) Investments

The Company uses the cost method to account for investments in businesses that are not publicly traded and for which the Company does not control or have the ability to exercise significant influence over operating and financial policies. In accordance with the cost method, these investments are recorded at lower of cost or fair value, as appropriate, and are classified as long-term.

Investments held by the Company in businesses that are not publicly traded and for which the Company has the ability to exercise significant influence over operating and financial management are accounted for under the equity method. In accordance with the equity method, these investments are originally recorded at cost and are adjusted for the Company’s proportionate share of earnings, losses and distributions. These investments are classified as long-term.

The Company assesses and records impairment losses when events and circumstances indicate the investments might be impaired. Gains and losses are recognized when realized and recorded in other income (expense) in the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Operations.

(K) Impairment of Long-Lived Assets

The Company tests long-lived assets for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable through the estimated undiscounted cash flows expected to result from the use and eventual disposition of the assets. Whenever any such impairment exists, an impairment loss will be recognized for the amount by which the carrying value exceeds the fair value.

(M) Software Development Costs

Costs incurred to internally develop computer software products or to enhance an existing product are recorded as research and development costs and expensed when incurred until technological feasibility for the respective product is established. Thereafter, all software development costs are capitalized and reported at the lower of unamortized cost or net realizable value. Capitalization ceases when the product or enhancement is available for general release to customers.

The Company makes on-going evaluations of the recoverability of its capitalized software projects by comparing the amount capitalized for each product to the estimated present value of expected future net income from the product. If such evaluations indicate that the unamortized software development costs exceed the present value of expected future net income, the Company writes off the amount which the unamortized software development costs exceed such present value. Capitalized and purchased computer software development costs are being amortized ratably based on the projected revenue associated with the related software or on a straight-line basis.

(O) Goodwill

Goodwill represents the excess of the aggregate purchase price over the fair value of the net assets acquired in a purchase business combination. Goodwill is reviewed for impairment on an annual basis, or more frequently if events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of goodwill may be impaired. The goodwill impairment test is a two-step test. Under the first step, the fair value of the reporting unit is compared with its carrying value including goodwill. If the fair value of the reporting unit exceeds its carrying value, step two does not need to be performed. If the fair value of the reporting unit is less than its carrying value, an indication of goodwill impairment exists for the reporting unit and the enterprise must perform step two of the impairment test. Under step two, an impairment loss is recognized for any excess of the carrying amount of the reporting unit’s goodwill over the implied fair value of that goodwill. The implied fair value of goodwill is determined by allocating the fair value of the reporting unit in a manner similar to a purchase price allocation. The residual fair value after this allocation is the implied fair value of the reporting unit goodwill.

(Q) Revenue Recognition

The Company derives revenues from the following sources: (1) software licenses, (2) services, which include implementation and consulting services, and (3) maintenance, which includes post contract support.

The Company recognizes revenue from license contracts without major customization when a non-cancelable, non-contingent license agreement has been signed, delivery of the software has occurred, the fee is fixed or determinable, and collectability is probable. Delivery is considered to have occurred upon electronic transfer of the license key that provides immediate availability of the product to the purchaser. Determining whether and when some of these criteria have been satisfied often involves assumptions and judgments that can have a significant impact on the timing and amount of revenue the Company reports.

If an arrangement does not qualify for separate accounting of the software license and consulting transactions, then new software license revenue is generally recognized together with the consulting services based on contract accounting using either the percentage-of-completion or completed-contract method. Contract accounting is applied to any arrangements: (1) that include milestones or customer specific acceptance criteria that may affect collection of the software license fees; (2) where services include significant modification or customization of the software; (3) where significant consulting services are provided for in the software license contract without additional charge or are substantially discounted; or (4) where the software license payment is tied to the performance of consulting services.

Revenue from consulting services is recognized as the services are performed for time-and-materials contracts. Revenue from training and development services is recognized as the services are performed.

Revenue from maintenance agreements is recognized ratably over the term of the maintenance agreement, typically one year.

Revenue is presented net of sales, use and value-added taxes collected from customers.

Multiple Element Arrangements

The Company may enter into multiple element revenue arrangements in which a customer may purchase a number of different combinations of software licenses, consulting services, maintenance and support, as well as training and development.

Vendor specific objective evidence (“VSOE”) of fair value for each element is based on the price for which the element is sold separately. The Company determines the VSOE of fair value of each element based on historical evidence of the Company’s stand-alone sales of these elements to third-parties or from the stated renewal rate for the elements contained in the initial software license arrangement. When VSOE of fair value does not exist for any undelivered element, revenue is deferred until the earlier of the point at which such VSOE of fair value exists or until all elements of the arrangement have been delivered. The only exception to this guidance is when the only undelivered element is maintenance and support or other services, then the entire arrangement fee is recognized ratably over the performance period.

(S) Cost of Revenues

Cost of revenues includes salaries and benefits for technical employees, consultant costs, amortization of capitalized computer software development costs, depreciation of computer and equipment, travel costs, and indirect costs such as rent and insurance.

(U) Share-Based Compensation

The Company records stock compensation in accordance with ASC 718, Compensation – Stock Compensation. ASC 718 requires companies to measure compensation cost for stock employee compensation at fair value at the grant date and recognize the expense over the employee’s requisite service period. The Company recognizes forfeitures as they occur. The Company recognizes in the statement of operations the grant-date fair value of stock options and other equity-based compensation issued to employees and non-employees.

(W) Foreign Currency Translation

The Company transacts business in various foreign currencies. The accounts of NetSol UK, NTE, VLSH and VLS use the British Pound; VLSIL and NTG use the Euro; NetSol PK, Connect, Omni and NetSol Innovation use Pakistan Rupees; NTPK Thailand and NetSol Thai use Thai Baht; NetSol Australia uses the Australian dollar; and NetSol Beijing uses the Chinese Yuan as the functional currencies. NetSol Technologies, Inc., and its subsidiary, NTA, use the U.S. dollar as the functional currency. Consequently, revenues and expenses of operations outside the United States are translated into U.S. Dollars using average exchange rates while assets and liabilities of operations outside the United States are translated into U.S. Dollars using exchange rates at the balance sheet date. The effects of foreign currency translation adjustments are recorded to other comprehensive income. Accumulated translation losses classified as an item of accumulated other comprehensive loss in the stockholders’ equity section of the consolidated balance sheets were $24,386,071 and $18,074,570 as of June 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively. During the years ended June 30, 2018 and 2017, comprehensive income (loss) in the consolidated statements of operations included NetSol’s share of translation loss of $6,311,501 and translation gain of $655,924, respectively.

Net foreign exchange transaction gains (losses) included in non-operating income (expense) in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations were gains of $5,010,383 and $306,819 for the years ended June 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively.

(Y) Segment Reporting

The Company defines operating segments as components about which separate financial information is available that is evaluated regularly by the chief operating decision maker in deciding how to allocate resources and in assessing performances. The Company allocates its resources and assesses the performance of its sales activities based on the geographic locations of its subsidiaries. (See Note 19 “Segment Information and Geographic Areas”)

(AA) New Accounting Pronouncements

Recent Accounting Standards Adopted by the Company:

In June 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2014-12, Compensation — Stock Compensation (Topic 718), Accounting for Share-Based Payments When the Terms of an Award Provide That a Performance Target Could Be Achieved after the Requisite Service Period (a consensus of the FASB Emerging Issues Task Force) (ASU 2014-12). The guidance applies to all reporting entities that grant their employees share-based payments in which the terms of the award provide that a performance target that affects vesting could be achieved after the requisite service period. The amendments require that a performance target that affects vesting and that could be achieved after the requisite service period be treated as a performance condition. For all entities, the amendments in this update are effective for annual periods and interim periods within those annual periods beginning after December 15, 2015. Earlier adoption is permitted. The adoption of this guidance did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

In August 2014, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2014-15, Presentation of Financial Statements – Going Concern (Subtopic 205-40), Disclosure of Uncertainties about an Entity’s Ability to Continue as a Going Concern (ASU 2014-15). The guidance in ASU 2014-15 sets forth management’s responsibility to evaluate whether there is substantial doubt about an entity’s ability to continue as a going concern as well as required disclosures. ASU 2014-15 indicates that, when preparing financial statements for interim and annual financial statements, management should evaluate whether conditions or events, in the aggregate, raise substantial doubt about the entity’s ability to continue as a going concern for one year from the date the financial statements are issued or are available to be issued. This evaluation should include consideration of conditions and events that are either known or are reasonably knowable at the date the financial statements are issued or are available to be issued, as well as whether it is probable that management’s plans to address the substantial doubt will be implemented and, if so, whether it is probable that the plans will alleviate the substantial doubt. ASU 2014-15 is effective for annual periods ending after December 15, 2017, and interim periods and annual periods thereafter. Early application is permitted. The adoption of this guidance did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

In January 2015, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2015-01, Income Statement – Extraordinary and Unusual items (Subtopic 225-20), Simplifying Income Statement Presentation by Eliminating the Concept of Extraordinary Items (ASU 2015-01). The amendment eliminates from U.S. GAAP the concept of extraordinary items. This guidance is effective for the Company in the first quarter of fiscal 2017. Early adoption is permitted and allows the Company to apply the amendment prospectively or retrospectively. The adoption of this guidance did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

In February 2015, FASB issued ASU No. 2015-02, (Topic 810): Amendments to the Consolidation Analysis. ASU No. 2015-02 provides amendments to respond to stakeholders’ concerns about the current accounting for consolidation of certain legal entities. Stakeholders expressed concerns that GAAP might require a reporting entity to consolidate another legal entity in situations in which the reporting entity’s contractual rights do not give it the ability to act primarily on its own behalf, the reporting entity does not hold a majority of the legal entity’s voting rights, or the reporting entity is not exposed to a majority of the legal entity’s economic benefits or obligations. ASU No. 2015-02 is effective for annual periods, and interim periods within those annual periods, beginning after December 15, 2015. The adoption of this guidance did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

In April 2015, FASB issued ASU No. 2015-03, (Subtopic 835-30): Simplifying the Presentation of Debt Issuance Costs. ASU No. 2015-03 provides guidance that will require debt issuance costs related to a recognized debt liability to be presented in the balance sheet as a direct deduction from the carrying amount of that debt liability. ASU No. 2015-03 affects disclosures related to debt issuance costs but does not affect existing recognition and measurement guidance for these items. ASU No. 2015-03 is effective for annual periods, and interim periods within those annual periods, beginning after December 15, 2015. The adoption of this guidance did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

In April 2015, FASB issued ASU No. 2015-05, (Subtopic 350-40): Customer’s Accounting for Fees Paid in a Cloud Computing Arrangements. ASU No. 2015-05 provides guidance on a customer’s accounting for fees paid in a cloud computing arrangement, which includes software as a service, platform as a service, infrastructure as a service, and other similar hosting arrangements. ASU No. 2015-05 is effective for annual periods, and interim periods within those annual periods, beginning after December 15, 2015. The adoption of this guidance did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

In September 2015, the FASB issued ASU No. 2015-16, Business Combinations (Topic 805) Simplifying the Accounting for Measurement-Period Adjustments.” ASU No. 2015-06 simplifies the accounting for measurement-period adjustments attributable to an acquisition. Under prior guidance, adjustments to provisional amounts during the measurement period that arise due to new information regarding acquisition date circumstances must be made retrospectively with a corresponding adjustment to goodwill. The amended guidance requires an acquirer to record adjustments to provisional amounts made during the measurement period in the period that the adjustment is determined. The adjustments should reflect the impact on earnings of changes in depreciation, amortization, or other income effects, if any, as if the accounting had been completed as of the acquisition date. Additionally, amounts recorded in the current period that would have been reflected in prior reporting periods if the adjustments had been recognized as of the acquisition date must be disclosed either on the face of the income statement or in the notes to financial statements. This guidance is effective prospectively for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2015 and early application is permitted. The adoption of this guidance did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

In November 2015, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2015-17, Balance Sheet Classification of Deferred Taxes (ASU 2015-17), which changes how deferred taxes are classified on the balance sheet and is effective for financial statements issued for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2016, with early adoption permitted. ASU 2015-17 requires all deferred tax assets and liabilities to be classified as non-current. The adoption of this guidance did not have a material impact on the Company’s results of operations, financial position or disclosures.

In March 2016, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update 2016-07, Investments- Equity Method and Joint Ventures: Simplifying the Transition to the Equity Method of Accounting (“ASU 2016-07”). ASU 2016-07 eliminates the requirement to apply the equity method of accounting retrospectively when a reporting entity obtains significant influence over a previously held investment. ASU 2016-07 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2016, including interim periods within those fiscal years and early application is permitted. The Company adopted this guidance with respect to its investment in WRLD3D and applied the equity method of accounting prospectively.

In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-09, Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting. The guidance simplifies accounting for share-based payments, most notably by requiring all excess tax benefits and tax deficiencies to be recorded as income tax benefits or expense in the income statement and by allowing entities to recognize forfeitures of awards when they occur. This new guidance is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2016 and may be adopted prospectively or retroactively. The adoption of this guidance did not have a material impact on the Company’s results of operations, financial position or disclosures.

On December 22, 2017, the U.S. government enacted comprehensive tax legislation commonly referred to as the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the “Tax Act”). The Tax Act significantly revises the future ongoing corporate income tax by, among other things, lowering corporate income tax rates. As the Company has a June 30 fiscal year-end, the lower corporate income tax rate was phased in, resulting in a statutory federal rate of approximately 28% for our fiscal year ending June 30, 2018, and 21% for subsequent fiscal years. The decrease in corporate tax rate reduced the Company’s deferred tax asset to the lower federal base rate of 21%. As a result, our deferred tax asset decreased $5,808,518.

Accounting Standards Recently Issued But Not Yet Adopted by the Company:

In May 2014, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Updates (“ASU”) No. 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers. ASU 2014-09 has been modified multiple times since its initial release. This ASU outlines a single comprehensive model for entities to use in accounting for revenue arising from contracts with customers and will replace most existing revenue recognition guidance in U.S. GAAP when it becomes effective. ASU 2014-09, as amended, becomes effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017. Early adoption is permitted, and the standard permits the use of either the retrospective or cumulative effect transition method. The Company has an internal project team that has evaluated the impact this standard has on its financial statements, accounting systems and related disclosures. The most significant changes to the Company’s revenue recognition accounting policies are related to the timing of revenue recognition and expanded disclosure requirements. The Company has certain contracts whereby a customer pays a defined price for a software license, customization and implementation services, and maintenance, in different modules and geographies. The adoption of this standard will change the allocation of contract prices among these goods and services and will cause the Company to defer revenue that was recognized in previous periods under current accounting rules. This revenue will be recognized as services are rendered in future periods. The Company has not yet determined the amount of revenue that will be deferred.

In January 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-01, Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities (ASU 2016-01), which requires equity investments that are not accounted for under the equity method of accounting to be measured at fair value with changes recognized in net income and updates certain presentation and disclosure requirements. ASU 2016-01 is effective beginning after December 15, 2017. The adoption of this guidance is not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s results of operations, financial position or disclosures.

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02, Leases, which requires lessees to recognize right-of-use assets and lease liabilities, for all leases, with the exception of short-term leases, at the commencement date of each lease. This ASU requires lessees to apply a dual approach, classifying leases as either finance or operating leases based on the principle of whether or not the lease is effectively a financed purchase by the lessee. This classification will determine whether lease expense is recognized based on an effective interest method or on a straight-line basis over the term of the lease. This ASU is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2018 and interim periods within those annual periods. Early adoption is permitted. The amendments of this update should be applied using a modified retrospective approach, which requires lessees and lessors to recognize and measure leases at the beginning of the earliest period presented. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of the adoption of this standard on its consolidated financial statements.

In August 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-15, Clarification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments, which eliminates the diversity in practice related to the classification of certain cash receipts and payments in the statement of cash flows, by adding or clarifying guidance on eight specific cash flow issues. This guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim periods within those fiscal years, with early adoption permitted. The amendments in this update should be applied retrospectively to all periods presented, unless deemed impracticable, in which case, prospective application is permitted. The adoption of this guidance is not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s results of operations, financial position or disclosures.

On November 17, 2016, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2016-18, Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230): Restricted Cash. It is intended to reduce diversity in the presentation of restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents in the statement of cash flows. The new standard requires that restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents be included as components of total cash and cash equivalents as presented on the statement of cash flows. As a result, entities will no longer present transfers between cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents in the statement of cash flows. ASU 2016-18 is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Earlier adoption is permitted. The Company maintains restricted cash balances and will show restricted cash as part of cash and restricted cash equivalents in the statement of cash flows.

In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-01, Clarifying the Definition of a Business, which clarifies and provides a more robust framework to use in determining when a set of assets and activities is a business. The amendments in this update should be applied prospectively on or after the effective date. This update is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2017, and interim periods within those periods. Early adoption is permitted for acquisition or deconsolidation transactions occurring before the issuance date or effective date and only when the transactions have not been reported in issued or made available for issuance financial statements. The Company does not expect the adoption to have any significant impact on its consolidated financial statements.

In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-04, Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment. Under the new standard, goodwill impairment would be measured as the amount by which a reporting unit’s carrying value exceeds its fair value, not to exceed the carrying value of goodwill. This ASU eliminates existing guidance that requires an entity to determine goodwill impairment by calculating the implied fair value of goodwill by hypothetically assigning the fair value of a reporting unit to all its assets and liabilities as if that reporting unit had been acquired in a business combination. This update is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2019, and interim periods within those periods. Early adoption is permitted for interim or annual goodwill impairment test performed on testing dates after January 1, 2017. The Company will apply this guidance to applicable impairment tests after the adoption date.

In May 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-09, Compensation-Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Scope of Modification Accounting, which clarifies when changes to the terms or conditions of a share-based payment award must be accounted for as modifications. The new guidance will reduce diversity in practice and result in fewer changes to the terms of an award being accounted for as a modification. The standard is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim periods within those fiscal years. The new standard will be effective prospectively for the Company for the fiscal year beginning July 1, 2018. Early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of the adoption of the new standard on its consolidated financial statements.

In July 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-11, “Earnings Per Share (Topic 260); Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity (Topic 480); Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815): (Part I) Accounting for Certain Financial Instruments with Down Round Features, (Part II) Replacement of the Indefinite Deferral for Mandatorily Redeemable Financial Instruments of Certain Nonpublic Entities and Certain Mandatorily Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests with a Scope Exception”. The ASU was issued to address the complexity associated with applying generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) for certain financial instruments with characteristics of liabilities and equity. The ASU, among other things, eliminates the need to consider the effects of down round features when analyzing convertible debt, warrants and other financing instruments. As a result, a freestanding equity-linked financial instrument (or embedded conversion option) no longer would be accounted for as a derivative liability at fair value as a result of the existence of a down round feature. The amendments are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, and should be applied retrospectively. Early adoption is permitted, including adoption in an interim period. The Company does not expect the adoption to have any significant impact on its Consolidated Financial Statements. The Company is currently in the process of evaluating the impact of the adoption of this standard on its consolidated financial statements.

In February 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-02, “Income Statement—Reporting Comprehensive Income (Topic 220): Reclassification of Certain Tax Effects from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income.” This ASU allows a reclassification from accumulated other comprehensive income to retained earnings for stranded tax effects resulting from the Tax Act. Consequently, the amendments eliminate the stranded tax effects resulting from the Tax Act and will improve the usefulness of information reported to financial statement users. However, because the amendments only relate to the reclassification of the income tax effects of the Tax Act, the underlying guidance that requires that the effect of a change in tax laws or rates be included in income from continuing operations is not affected. The amendments in this ASU also require certain disclosures about stranded tax effects. The amendments in this ASU should be applied either in the period of adoption or retrospectively to each period (or periods) in which the effect of the change in the U.S. federal corporate income tax rate in the Tax Act is recognized. The amendments in this ASU are effective for all entities for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, and interim periods within those fiscal years. The Company is currently in the process of evaluating the impact of adoption of this standard on its consolidated financial statements.

In March 2018, FASB issued ASU No. 2018-05, “Income Taxes (Topic 740).” This ASU was issued to provide guidance on the income tax accounting implications of the Tax Act and allows for entities to report provisional amounts for specific income tax effects of the Tax Act for which the accounting under ASC Topic 740 was not yet complete, but a reasonable estimate could be determined. A measurement period of one year is allowed to complete the accounting effects under ASC Topic 740 and revise any previous estimates reported. Any provisional amounts or subsequent adjustments included in an entity’s financial statements during the measurement period should be included in income from continuing operations as an adjustment to tax expense in the reporting period the amounts are determined.

In June 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-07 “Compensation — Stock compensation — Improvements to Nonemployee Share-Based Payment Accounting”. This update aims to simplify the accounting for share-based payments awarded to non-employees for goods or services acquired. The update specifies that the measurement date is the grant date and that awards are required to be measured at fair value. The amendments in this update are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within those fiscal years. The Company is currently in the process of evaluating the impact of adoption of this standard on its consolidated financial statements.

All other newly issued accounting pronouncements not yet effective have been deemed either immaterial or not applicable.